Wood vs Composite Decking: Which Should You Choose?
The real choice is between spending time on upkeep or spending more up front on boards that need less of it. The structure underneath is similar for both, so you can plan the deck first with the deck board calculator and decide on the surface later.
Part of the project planner: Planning and building a deck.
What the choice changes in the framing
For a 12 × 16 ft deck, a 16 ft board length and 5½ in boards, the board count is the same either way: 29 boards. What can change is the joist spacing, because composite makers often ask for closer joists than the 16 in typical of wood decking:
| Joist spacing | Joists needed | Deck screws (calculator estimate) |
|---|---|---|
| 16 in on center | 13 | 676 |
| 12 in on center | 17 | 884 |
Your boards, spacing and fasteners must follow the product's installation guide, so check it before you order the framing.
How they compare
- Upkeep: wood needs cleaning, and staining or sealing every year or two depending on the product and the weather (see the deck stain calculator). Composite skips the staining but still needs washing.
- Feel and look: real wood has natural variation and can be refinished. Composite has a more uniform look, and some boards get hot in direct sun, especially darker colors.
- Wear: wood can crack, splinter or cup as it dries. Composite resists splinters but can scratch or stain, and cheaper boards may fade.
- Fasteners: wood is fixed with exterior deck screws, and composite often needs hidden clips or the maker's screws.
- Cost: wood is usually cheaper to buy, composite usually costs more up front. Compare current quotes over the whole life of the deck, not just the first year.
Choosing
If you enjoy the work, want the lowest purchase price and like real wood, pressure-treated lumber is fine, provided you budget the upkeep. If you want to spend weekends on something other than staining, composite can be worth the higher price. Either way, look for boards rated for ground-contact or the exposure you have, follow the span table, and flash the top of every joist with tape. Our deck materials list and the deck planner take you through the whole job.
Frequently asked questions
Is composite decking maintenance free?
No product is. Composite does not need staining or sealing, but it still needs regular cleaning, and some types can show mildew or surface wear. Follow the maker's cleaning instructions.
Do composite boards need closer joists?
Often yes: many makers specify 16 in or sometimes 12 in joist spacing, especially for diagonal layouts. Always follow the manufacturer's span table for the product you buy.
Can I use normal deck screws with composite?
Many composite boards need the maker's own screws or hidden clips. Check the installation guide before you buy fasteners.
Which is cheaper to start with?
Pressure-treated lumber usually costs less to buy than composite. Prices change often and vary by region, so get current quotes and compare the cost over the years you expect to own the deck, including staining and cleaning.
More guides
Tools & materials for this project
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Estimates only. Quantities depend on your materials, site and supplier. Confirm important numbers before you order, and follow local building codes for anything structural.