How this calculator works
Soil is a layer, so the volume is area × depth. We convert the depth to feet, multiply, add your allowance for settling, and convert to cubic yards. The weight uses typical densities (topsoil about 1.1 tons per cubic yard, compost about 0.6).
Worked example: a 20 × 20 ft lawn patch (400 ft²) topped with 4 in of topsoil: 400 × 0.333 = 133 ft³, or 4.94 yd³ before waste. With 10% allowance that is 5.4 yd³, about 6 tons.
Tips before you buy
- For a new lawn, spread 4 to 6 in of topsoil. For a vegetable garden or flower bed, 6 to 12 in of loosened soil is better.
- Buy "screened" topsoil if you want a smooth finish. Unscreened soil is cheaper but has stones and clumps.
- Soil weighs a lot when wet. A standard pickup truck can only safely carry about 1 to 1.5 yd³ of topsoil.
Quick answers by size
Tools & materials for this project
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Frequently asked questions
How much does a cubic yard of topsoil weigh?
Roughly 2,000 to 2,400 lb (about 1.1 tons) when it is reasonably dry. Wet soil can weigh significantly more.
How many bags of topsoil are in a cubic yard?
27 bags of 1 ft³ or about 13.5 bags of 2 ft³. For anything over about half a yard, bulk is cheaper.
How much topsoil do I need for a lawn?
About 4 to 6 inches for a new lawn. At 4 in, each 1,000 ft² needs about 12.3 yd³.
Related calculators & guides
Estimates only. Results assume standard materials and simple shapes. Supplier products vary, and the final call on quantity, structure and safety is yours. Check your local code and your supplier's guidance before ordering.